18.11.2008 by Atahualpa.

Nga zbulimet arkeologjike ne Gjermani

Reports

Ancient DNA from the First European Farmers in 7500-Year-Old Neolithic Sites

Wolfgang Haak,^1* Peter Forster,² Barbara Bramanti,¹ Shuichi Matsumura,² Guido Brandt,¹ Marc Tänzer,¹ Richard Villems,³ Colin Renfrew,² Detlef Gronenborn,⁴ Kurt Werner Alt,¹ Joachim Burger¹ The ancestry of modern Europeans is a subject of debate among geneticists, archaeologists, and anthropologists. A crucial question is the extent to which Europeans are descended from the first European farmers in the Neolithic Age 7500 years ago or from Paleolithic hunter-gatherers who were present in Europe since 40,000 years ago. Here we present an analysis of ancient DNA from early European farmers. We successfully extracted and sequenced intact stretches of maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from 24 out of 57 Neolithic skeletons from various locations in Germany, Austria, and Hungary. We found that 25% of the Neolithic farmers had one characteristic mtDNA type and that this type formerly was widespread among Neolithic farmers in Central Europe. Europeans today have a 150-times lower frequency (0.2%) of this mtDNA type, revealing that these first Neolithic farmers did not have a strong genetic influence on modern European female lineages. Our finding lends weight to a proposed Paleolithic ancestry for modern Europeans.

¹ Institut für Anthropologie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
² McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3ER, UK.
³ Estonian Biocentre, Tartu University, 23 Riia Str, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.
⁴ Römisch-Germanisches Zentral-museum, Ernst-Ludwig-Platz 2, D-55116 Mainz, Germany.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed at the Molecular Archaeology Group, Institute of Anthropology, Colonel Kleinmann Weg 2, SBII 02, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz D-55128, Mainz, Germany

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/310/5750/1016

18.11.2008    09:22 Uhr	Drucken  |  Versenden  |  Kontakt
Archäologie Ältestes Grab einer Familie entdeckt Seit 4600 Jahren liegen die vier Toten in der Grabstätte in Sachsen-Anhalt. Nun haben Wissenschaftler herausgefunden, dass es sich um eine Familie handelt. Von Sebastian Herrmann

Die Toten liegen eng beieinander. Foto: National Academy of Sciences/PNAS Die Toten liegen einander zugewandt. Die Mutter ruht in Embryonalhaltung auf ihrer linken Seite, das Gesicht eines der beiden Söhne blickt in ihre Richtung. Der zweite Sohn ist den sterblichen Überresten des Familienvaters zugewandt, der auf der rechten Seite seines Körpers liegt. Die Beine der vierköpfigen Familie berühren einander in der Mitte des Grabes. Die vier Skelette stammen aus einem Gräberfeld in Eulau, Sachsen-Anhalt. 13 Menschen liegen dort seit etwa 4600 Jahren begraben. Beweis für eine enge familiäre Bindung Wissenschaftler um Wolfgang Haak von der australischen Universität Adelaide haben nun durch Erbgutanalysen der Überreste der vier Menschen aus der Jungsteinzeit festgestellt, dass es sich um eine der ältesten bisher bekannten Kernfamilien handelt (PNAS, online). Als Kernfamilie werden Vater, Mutter und Kinder bezeichnet.

(SZ vom 18.11.2008/mcs)

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18.11.2008 by Atahualpa.

By CNN’s Anthee Carassava

ATHENS, Greece (CNN) — An ongoing name dispute between Greece and Macedonia is to be referred to the International Court of Justice.

Macedonian Foreign Minister Antonio Milosevski at a news conference in Skopje. Macedonia.

Greek officials said on Tuesday they were prepared to defend themselves in court after Macedonia filed a complaint claiming Athens had blocked its bid to join NATO.

The lawsuit marks the latest diplomatic wrangle in the 17-year-old name dispute between Greece and the former Yugoslavian republic.

Macedonia had hoped to join the military alliance earlier this year, but Greece’s objections to its northern neighbor’s choice of name blocked those aspirations at an alliance summit in April.

Greece wants Macedonia to relinquish its name, which it says is Greek. It also insists that Macedonia’s use of the name suggests territorial aspirations on a region of the same name in northern Greece.

In lodging Skopje’s complaint with the International Court at The Hague on Monday, Macedonian Foreign Minister Antonio Milosevski said Greece’s veto at the April NATO summit was in violation of a 1995 agreement between the two countries.

The agreement, known as the interim accord, aimed to improve relations between the two states, allowing Macedonia to join international organizations under a provisional name — the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia — until the U.N. could mediate a resolution over the name dispute.

Don’t Miss

• Greek name fury threatens NATO bid

The U.N.’s highest judicial organ, the ICJ, said Monday it had received Skopjes’ suit. It was not immediately clear, however, when the case would be heard and how long a verdict would take.

Even so, senior officials in Athens said Tuesday that diplomats preparing to defend Greece’s positions expected a long and drawn-out legal procedure that could further imperil Macedonia’s aspirations of joining international organizations.

………

CNN 

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18.11.2008 by Atahualpa.

Croatian genocide suit in ICJ jurisdiction
18 November 2008 | 11:39 -> 13:07 | Source: B92, Tanjug
BELGRADE, THE HAGUE — The International Court of Justice has today declared itself competent to handle a lawsuit filed by Croatia against Serbia for charges of genocide.

The International Court of Justice (FoNet, archive)

The decision was announced by Court President Rosalyn Higgins, who outlined the reasoning of the 17-member panel of judges.

Following today’s decision, unless the two sides reach an out-of-court settlement–which seems unlikey–a debate will be held on the nature of the suit on whether genocide was committed in Croatia, and whether Serbia was responsible for it.

Serbia will then a have a year to prepare its defense and launch a potential counter-suit against Croatia for genocide against Serbs, for which the Belgrade legal team has already been readying itself. The case would be unlikely to begin for another two years

The ICJ rejected Belgrade’s argument that the case was outside the Court’s purview as Serbia could not be held responsible for crimes perpetrated at a time when the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia did not exist and was not a UN member, and therefore not a signatory of the Convention on Genocide.

10 of the 17 judges voted that the Court was competent to hear the case.

The court ruled that although the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’s status in the UN had been “unclear”, the authorities in Belgrade had recognized the ICJ’s jurisdiction in the Nineties, in responding to Bosnia-Hercegovina and Croatia’s suits and in lodging its own suit against NATO member-states.

Under the ruling, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’s declaration of April 1992, submitted to the UN General Assembly, was tantamount to announcing its assumption of all international commitments stemming from membership of international organizations and conventions, including the Convention on Genocide.

As a result, the Court’s jurisdiction in proceedings launched between 1992 and 2000 had been clearly established, Higgins explained.

In the suit lodged in 1999, Croatian claimed that Belgrade was responsible for the ethnic cleansing of Croatian citizens, as a form of genocide, because it “directly controlled the activities of its armed forces, intelligence agents and various paramilitary units that perpetrated crimes in Croatia, in the Knin region, and in eastern and western Slavonia and Dalmatia.”

The two sides’ arguments

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B92

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18.11.2008 by Atahualpa.

Für ein ungeteiltes und souveränes Kosova Geschrieben von Genc Mustafa Dienstag, 18. November 2008 Morgen findet in Prishtina eine Demonstration gegen den sogenannten 6 Punkte Plan der UN, der auch der Plan der EU ist, statt. Die Demonstration beginnt um 12 Uhr vor der Nationalbibliothek in Prishtina und endet vor dem Sitz der kosovarischen Regierung. Organisiert wird die Demonstration von vielen unterschiedlichen Organisationen. Darunter befinden sich die „ Bewegung für Selbstbestimmung“ (LPV), die Antikorruptionsinitiative Çohu, die Organisation „ Thirrjet e Nënave“(Stimmen der Mütter) Streikinitiativen aus Kosova, viele Jugendverbände usw. Demonstriert wird dagegen, dass in den ethnisch gesäuberten serbischen Gebieten nur rein serbische Polizisten und Richter tätig sein sollen. Diese unterhalten nur Verbindungen zur UNMIK und zu Belgrad. Die Grenzen im Norden werden von UNMIK Beamten „ überwacht“ welche keinerlei Zoll erheben dürfen. Die EULEX soll „Statusneutral“ auf der Basis der UN Resolution 1244 arbeiten. Mit diesen Punkten wird Kosova offen geteilt und der Kolonialismus nimmt sogar jeglichen Schein von Unabhängigkeit für Kosova zurück. Bis dato stellt sich auch Hashim Thaci gegen diesen Plan. Damit er nicht umfällt - was speziell die europäische Diplomatie erwartet- sind Massenaktionen gegen die Teilung Kosovas und für eine wirkliche Unabhängigkeit nötig. Dabei genügt es nicht sich auf den Athisaari- Plan zu berufen. Im Gegenteil, der Athisaari- Plan beinhaltet die ethnische Teilung Kosovas. DEMONSTRIM GJTHPOPULLOR PER KOSOVEN SOVRANE E MERKURE: ORA 12:00: DUKE FILLUAR NGA BIBLIOTEKA KOMBETARE: PROTESTE GJITHPOPULLORE MË TEPËR…

E FUNDIT: PTK RREZIKOHET NGA PRIVATIZIMI I KORRUPTUAR Kosova do të humb nga privatizimi i PTKsë për këto arsye:   Në krye të procesit të privatizimit të Ndërmarrjeve Publike gjenden njerëz të përfolur si të korruptuar, që kanë dështu privatizimin e Ndërmarrjeve shoqërore në AKM si Ahmet Shala Gati 80% e biznesit të Valës në mënyrë të paligjshme i është dhënë një fantom-kompanie të quajtur Dardafon. Bordi aktual i PTK-së me kryetarin e tij Rexhë Gjonbalajn dhe nga njerëz partiak ka shpërblyer kompaninë Dardafon me 78% të biznesit të Valës brenda të ashtuquajturit shërbimi Mobile Virtual Netëork Operator (MVNO). Kjo marrëveshje e arritur në mënyrë tejet jotransparente praktikisht përcakton kushte krejtësisht të disfavorshme dhe të dëmshme për PTK-në MË TEPËR…     Komentet (2) E FUNDIT: Privatzimi i korruptuar i PTK-së Një gjë e ngjashme me Ferronikelin aktualisht është duke u përgaditur me vendimin e Qeverisë së Kosovës për privatizimin e kompanisë më të madhe publike, PTK-së. Vendimi skandaloz i faljes të rreth 80% të biznesit të Valas një kompanie fantom, sot po mbrohet nga njeriu që i priu procesit që ia solli Kosovës Ferronikelin, Ministri i ekonomisë dhe finansave, Ahmet Shala. Shala ka qenë në krye të privatizimit të ndërmarrjeve shoqërore, proces ky i vlerësuar si i dështuar. MË TEPËR…     Komentoni E FUNDIT: Vazhdon dëmtimi i kompanisë më të madhe publike, PTK-së   Bordi i PTK-së dhe Qeveria e Kosovës po vazhdojnë të sjellin vendime jotransparente që rrezikojnë dëmtimin serioz të kësaj kompanie më e madhja publike në Kosovë. Përveç faktit se kjo kompani po vazhdon të jetë pa drejtor menaxhues për shkak të ndërhyrjeve direkte që janë bërë nga ana e Qeverisë Thaçi një numër i madh vendimesh e politikash është duke shkuar në dëmtim direkt të kësaj kompanie. Nënshkrimi i një kontrate me firmën Dardafon në një mungesë totale të transparencës nga ana e drejtorit tashmë të shkarkuar Adnan Merovcit simbas një vendimi të Bordit aktual të PTK-së rrezikon që kjo kompani thjesht t’ia japë në dorë asetet e veta një kompanie që udhëheqet nga një person që kohë më parë është alarmuar se ka dëmtuar PTK-në për qindra mijëra euro. MË TEPËR…     Komentoni Qeveria disiplinon Universitetin e Prishtinës   Qeveria e Kosovës të enjten ka finalizuar presionin e saj edhe ndaj një institucioni të pavarur me qëllim të vendosjes së kontrollit të plotë, Universitetit të Prishtinës. Për disa ditë me radhë nëpër gazetat që janë lojale ndaj Qeverisë është bërë një presion i jashtëzakonshëm ndaj UP-së dhe të enjtën mbrëma ky presion u finalizua në emisionin qendror të lajmeve të RTK-së ku kryeministri Thaqi dhe ministri i arsimit Enver Hoxhaj praktikisht shantazhuan Universitetin e vetëm publik. Duke anuluar një memorandum që Qeveria kishte nënshkruar më herët me UP-në dhe duke kushtëzuar njëkohësisht rektorin dhe dekanët e UP-së që t’i binden Qeverisë nëse duan të marrin shpërblimin, edhe njëherë Qeveria përdori paratë që u takojnë institucioneve të pavarura për t’i shantazhuar ato. Një veprim i tillë kohë më parë u përdor ndaj MË TEPËR…     Komentoni

More Articles… Aeroporti i Prishtinës – pasoja e parë e politizimit të ndërmarrjeve publike

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Der letzte Bomben Anschlag war gegen die EU Residenz in Pristina bei Youtube

 3 Deutsche Profis wurden wegen dem Anschlag inzwischen am 20. November festgenommen in Pristina!

Three Arrested over Kosovo Blast

The ICO building in Pristina - photo by Petrit Rrahmani

20 November 2008 Pristina _ Three German citizens have been arrested by Kosovo Police, suspected to be behind last week’s explosion at the office of the European Union’s top envoy in Kosovo.Police spokesman Veton Elshani told Balkan Insight that the suspects were staying privately in Kosovo. “They had no diplomatic immunity,” Elshani said. The police are still investigating the case, while no other details were disclosed. On November 14, an explosion broke the windows of the EU’s Special Representative building in Pristina. There were no injures. The building is the headquarters of the International Civilian Office, the ICO, the body that is supervising Kosovo’s independence. Read more: http://balkaninsight.com/en/main/news/14808 In the meantime, a police source told Balkan Insight that the people suspected of being behind the explosion are thought to have been professionals. 

“The bomb exploded almost a minute after it was thrown,” a source said. “This is apparently because whoever did that, wanted to make a big noise but not hurt anybody,” the source added. 

 http://balkaninsight.com/en/main/news/14961/

Man hat jetzt 3 Deutsche in Pristina fest genommen, welche Tat verdächtig sind und die auch Profis sind.Was machen diese Deutsche in Pristina wäre die logische Frage?Three Arrested over Kosovo Blast20 November 2008 Pristina _ Three German citizens have been arrested by Kosovo Police, suspected to be behind last week’s explosion at the office of the European Union’s top envoy in Kosovo.Police spokesman Veton Elshani told Balkan Insight that the suspects were staying privately in Kosovo. “They had no diplomatic immunity,” Elshani said.The police are still investigating the case, while no other details were disclosed.On November 14, an explosion broke the windows of the EU’s Special Representative building in Pristina. There were no injures.The building is the headquarters of the International Civilian Office, the ICO, the body that is supervising Kosovo’s independence.Read more: http://balkaninsight.com/en/main/news/14808

In the meantime, a police source told Balkan Insight that the people suspected of being behind the explosion are thought to have been professionals. 

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